Giorgia Meloni, born on January 15, 1977, has made history as Italy’s first female prime minister, assuming office in October 2022. Leading the right-wing Brothers of Italy (FdI) party since 2014, she is also the president of the European Conservatives and Reformists Party since 2020. Her political journey, marked by a steadfast commitment to her ideals, has sparked both admiration and controversy.
Early Life and Background
Giorgia Meloni was born in Rome to Francesco Meloni, a tax advisor, and Anna Paratore, a novelist. Her upbringing in the working-class district of Garbatella was shaped by hardship, particularly after her father abandoned the family when she was just one year old. This challenging childhood, coupled with her father’s eventual conviction for drug trafficking, profoundly influenced Meloni’s political outlook and drive.
Entry into Politics
Meloni’s political career began early. At just 15, she joined the Youth Front, the youth wing of the neo-fascist Italian Social Movement (MSI). She quickly rose through the ranks, becoming the national leader of Student Action, the student movement of the National Alliance (AN), the MSI’s successor. Her early political activities, including founding the protest group Gli Antenati (The Ancestors), showcased her commitment to conservative values and her leadership potential.
Political Ascendancy
In 1998, Meloni was elected as a councillor of the Province of Rome, a position she held until 2002. Her political career continued to flourish as she became the first woman president of Youth Action in 2004. By 2006, she had entered the national stage as a member of the Chamber of Deputies.
Ministerial Role and Founding Brothers of Italy
In 2008, Meloni was appointed Minister of Youth in Silvio Berlusconi’s government, a role she held until 2011. Her tenure was marked by initiatives aimed at supporting young people, though her conservative stances also drew criticism. In 2012, she co-founded Brothers of Italy (FdI), positioning the party as a successor to the National Alliance and emphasizing national conservatism.
Leadership of Brothers of Italy
Under Meloni’s leadership, FdI gradually gained traction, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic when it was the only major party in opposition to the national unity government led by Mario Draghi. This period saw a significant rise in the party’s popularity, culminating in their victory in the 2022 general election. Meloni’s leadership style, characterised by her commitment to traditional values and national sovereignty, resonated with many Italians disillusioned with mainstream politics.
Political Views and Controversies
Meloni’s political ideology is rooted in conservatism and nationalism. She is a staunch defender of traditional family values, opposing euthanasia, same-sex marriage, and LGBT parenting. Her slogan, “God, fatherland, and family,” encapsulates her beliefs. Meloni has also been vocal against immigration, advocating for a naval blockade to halt the influx of migrants to Italy. Her stance has led to accusations of xenophobia and Islamophobia, which she vehemently denies.
International Relations and Euroscepticism
Meloni’s foreign policy views include strong support for NATO and a critical stance towards the European Union, which she describes as “Eurorealist.” Initially in favor of improved relations with Russia, her position shifted following the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. Meloni condemned the invasion and pledged to continue supporting Ukraine, aligning Italy with Western allies.
Personal Life and Influence
Meloni’s personal life and experiences have deeply influenced her political journey. Raised in a challenging environment, her resilience and determination have been pivotal in her rise to power. She is a Christian, which heavily influences her conservative views. In 2023, her impact on global politics was recognised when she was ranked fourth on Forbes’s list of the most powerful women in the world.
Education and Early Career
Despite some controversy over her educational background, Meloni graduated from the Istituto tecnico professionale di Stato Amerigo Vespucci in 1996. She has worked various jobs, including as a nanny, waitress, and bartender, reflecting her humble beginnings and work ethic.
Conclusion
Giorgia Meloni’s journey from a challenging childhood in Rome to becoming Italy’s first female prime minister is a testament to her resilience and dedication. Her leadership of the Brothers of Italy and her conservative, nationalist ideology continue to shape Italian politics. As a polarizing figure, Meloni’s policies and views spark both support and criticism, making her one of the most influential and debated political figures in contemporary Italy.
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